Playbook 使用迭代 with_items

迭代：当有需要重复性执行的任务时，可以使用迭代机制 对迭代项的引用，固定变量名为 “item” 要在 task 中使用 with_items 给定要迭代的元素列表

列表元素格式：

• 字符串
• 字典

示例1：循环创建用户

---
- hosts: websrvs
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
    - name: add several users
      user: name= state=present groups=wheel
      with_items:
        - testuser1
        - testuser2

# 上面语句的功能等同于下面的语句
    - name: add user testuser1
      user: name=testuser1 state=present groups=wheel
    - name: add user testuser2
      user: name=testuser2 state=present groups=wheel

示例2：循环删除文件

---
# remove mariadb server
- hosts: appsrvs:!192.168.38.8
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
    - name: stop service
      shell: /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
    - name:  delete files and dir
      file: path= state=absent
      with_items:
        - /usr/local/mysql
        - /usr/local/mariadb-10.2.27-linux-x86_64
        - /etc/init.d/mysqld
        - /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
        - /etc/my.cnf
        - /data/mysql
    - name: delete user
      user: name=mysql state=absent remove=yes 

示例3：循环安装软件

---
- hosts：websrvs
  remote_user: root

  tasks
    - name: install some packages
      yum: name= state=present
      with_items:
        - nginx
        - memcached
        - php-fpm 

示例4：循环拷贝文件及安装软件

---
- hosts: websrvs
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: copy file
      copy: src= dest=/tmp/
      with_items:
        - file1
        - file2
        - file3
    - name: yum install httpd
      yum: name=  state=present 
      with_items:
        - apr
        - apr-util
        - httpd

迭代嵌套子变量：在迭代中，还可以嵌套子变量，关联多个变量在一起使用

示例1：

---
- hosts: websrvs
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
    - name: add some groups
      group: name= state=present
      with_items:
        - nginx
        - mysql
        - apache
    - name: add some users
      user: name= group= state=present
      with_items:
        - { name: 'nginx', group: 'nginx' }
        - { name: 'mysql', group: 'mysql' }
        - { name: 'apache', group: 'apache' }

示例2：

---
- hosts: websrvs
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
    - name: add some groups
      group: name= state=present
      with_items:
        - g1
        - g2
        - g3
    - name: add some users
      user: name= group= home= create_home=yes state=present
      with_items:
        - { name: 'user1', group: 'g1', home: '/data/user1' }
        - { name: 'user2', group: 'g2', home: '/data/user2' }
        - { name: 'user3', group: 'g3', home: '/data/user3' }